PETITIONER:
NATWAR TEXTILE PROCESSORS PVT.LTD
Vs.
RESPONDENT:
UNION OF INDIA
DATE OF JUDGMENT09/01/1995
BENCH:
JEEVAN REDDY, B.P. (J)
MANOHAR SUJATA V. (J)
CITATION:
1995 AIR 2256 1995 SCC (1) 753
JT 1995 (2) 31 1995 SCALE (1)95
ACT
HEADNOTE
JUDGMENT
The Judgment of the Court was delivered by B.P JEEVAN REDDY, J.- Leave granted. Heard counsel for the parties. 2. This appeal arises from the judgment and order of the Gujarat High Court dismissing the writ petition filed by the appellant, being SCA No. 2885 of 1986. The writ petition filed in the High Court and the special leave petition filed in this Court against the judgment of the High Court do, in our opinion, amount to gross abuse of process of court, a fact which would be evident from the facts stated hereinafter. We are taking the facts from the judgment of the High Court and we may mention that the correctness of none of those facts is disputed before us. 3. A notice dated 28-12-1983 was served upon the appellant by the Central Excise Authorities alleging that the appellant had clandestinely removed power loom cotton fabrics worth rupees sixty-two crores without payment of excise duty during the period 24-11-1979 to 31-7-1983. The allegation was that the appellant wrongfully availed of exemption notification and cleared the goods in an illicit manner. The appellant challenged the validity of the said show-cause notice by filing a writ petition 755 in the Gujarat High Court, being SCA No. 4611 of 1984, which was disposed of on 13-9-1984 under the following order:
"No final action pursuant to the show-cause
notice had been taken. It is for the
petitioners to show-cause. Their complaint
before us is that certain documents on which
they would like to rely, though the Excise
Authorities have indicated that they do not
propose to rely on them, are not made
available to them despite their request and
this may vitiate the proceedings now taken as
it would be in violation of the principles of
natural justice. Though we have been
addressed elaborately by the petitioners’
counsel, we have not been persuaded to agree
that interference at this stage is called for.
It is open to the petitioners to urge all
their contentions in answer to the show-cause
notice including their contention as to why
the copies of the documents sought for by them
are necessary for the proper conduct of their
defence and as to how nonsupply of those
copies would vitiate the proceedings. We
expect the excise authorities to properly look
into all the contentions taken by the
petitioners including the contention of non-
supply of copies. It is not necessary to
consider in this petition whether those copies
would be relevant and whether if not supplied
now, the proceedings would have been held to b e
bad.
We do not think, on the facts averred in the
petition, any case has been made out for
interference. Hence we are dismissing the
petition as premature. Dismissed." (emphasis
added) 4. Against the said order of the High Court, the appellant approached this Court by way of Special Leave Petition (C) No. 11569 of 1984, which was dismissed on 6-5-1985 under the following order:
"The point as to the limitation before us can
be raised in reply to the show-cause notice
received by the petitioners. The request for
inspection of documents can also be raised by
the petitioners, before the Collector of
Customs, Central Excise. We trust that the
request will be duly considered. The special
leave petition is dismissed accordingly."
(emphasis added) 5. Meanwhile, the appellant had applied to the Central Excise Authorities for inspection of certain documents on 16-7-1984. It is evidently this request which finds a mention in the order of this Court aforesaid. This request was rejected by the authorities on 16-12-1985. The appellant then approached the Gujarat High Court by way of SCA No. 317 of 1986 questioning the refusal of inspection of documents asked for by him. When the writ petition came up for hearing before a Division Bench on 18-3-1986, the appellant sought to withdraw the writ petition. It was dismissed as withdrawn under the following order:
"Mr V.N. Nair on behalf of Mr S.I. Nanavati
wants permission of the court to withdraw this
petition as not pressed reserving liberty to
agitate this matter as and when he files an
appeal to the Tribunal against the order of
the Collector if at all such an eventuality
arises. Permission to
756
withdraw is granted with the abovesaid
observations and as such this writ petition is
dismissed as withdrawn." (emphasis added) 6. It is obvious that the appeal to the Tribunal contemplated in the aforesaid order was an appeal against the final orders passed pursuant to the show-cause notice. The idea was that the appellant can raise all questions which are open to him in law in such appeal. However, seeking to misinterpret the said order of the High Court, the appellant filed an appeal before the CEGAT against the very same order dated 16-12-1985. On the Tribunal expressing a doubt as to the maintainability of the appeal, the appellant withdrew the appeal unconditionally. It was dismissed as withdrawn on 15-5-1986. 7. Within two weeks of the dismissal of its appeal by the Tribunal, the appellant again approached the Gujarat High Court, during the summer vacations, in the last week of May 1986. The prayers in the writ petition are to the following effect:
"(A) This Hon’ble Court may be pleased to
issue a writ of mandamus and/or any other writ
in the nature of mandamus directing the
respondents to give the inspection of the
documents mentioned at Serial Nos. 1, 2 and 4
in the letter dated 16-7-1984 which is at
Annexure D to this petition.
(B) The Hon’ble Court may issue an
appropriate writ, mandamus or direction or
order quashing and setting aside the order
passed by the Collector of Central Excise and
Customs, Baroda dated 16-12-1985 which is at
Annexure C to this petition." 8. It is evident that the writ petition was directed against the very same order of the excise authorities (dated 16-12-1985) which was already the subject-matter of SCA No. 317 of 1986, which was dismissed as withdrawn without reserving any liberty to the appellant to approach the High Court again and which was also the subject-matter of appeal before the Tribunal which too was withdrawn by the appellant unconditionally. Even so, the appellant succeeded in obtaining an interim order from the High Court on 23-6-1986 which order was extended to 1-9-1986 pending final orders. While extending the interim order, the court directed the matter to be posted for admission on 22-9-1986. It did not so come up for admission, whereupon, the respondents (Central Excise Authorities) moved the court for hearing the matter. It was found that the record was missing. By an order dated 7-10-1989, the court directed the record to be reconstructed and thereafter it was posted before a Division Bench for final hearing. The above facts impelled the High Court to make the following observations:
"It is rather shocking and much painful to
note that the matter filed in the year 1986
has remained at the admission stage till
today. The facts disclosed prima facie reveal
a very distressing state of affairs. Had it
been a matter pertaining to lower court or any
other Government Department we ourselves would
have given appropriate directions for holding
inquiry and for suitable actions to be taken
against persons
757
responsible for such lamentable lapse.
However, since the question pertains to the
administration of the High Court itself, we
ourselves would rather refrain from passing
any such order. But we direct the Registrar
of the High Court to place a copy of this
judgment before the learned Chief Justice
drawing his attention to this aspect. We hope
and trust that the learned Chief Justice will
take suitable effective actions in the matter,
with a view to find out as to who is
responsible for the disappearance of the
papers and why this was not brought to the
notice of the learned Chief Justice or to th e
notice of the Court taking up such matters and
what steps are required to be taken for
preventing recurrence of such incidents. We
hope and trust that suitable effective actions
will be taken against persons who may be found
responsible for causing disappearance of the
papers and also against persons who did not
and/or could not prevent such things to
happen." The writ petition was accordingly dismissed. 9. In the special leave petition filed in this Court, the following order was made on 11-12-1989:
"Issue notice on the special leave petition
returnable on 6-2-1990, state in the notice
that the matter will be disposed of at the
notice stage. In the meantime proceedings may
go on but no final order will be passed.
It is stated that the proceedings are at the
stage where the crossexamination of the
witnesses called by the department is in
progress. It is further stated that the
diaries which are the subject-matters of this
adjudication the witnesses called will not be
cross-examined. In that view of the matter
proceedings to that extent are stayed." The record does not disclose that the special leave petition was posted on 6-2-1990 as directed in the aforesaid order. It was posted only sometime towards the end of 1994. It is not known who is responsible for this state of affairs. This Court intended that the matter will be disposed of at the notice stage itself soon after the service of the notice on the respondents. The notice on the respondents was served immediately and in fact they filed their counteraffidavit as early as 26-3-1990. Even so, the matter was not posted before the court. It is equally surprising that the respondents too did not choose to take any steps for having the matter posted early. The Registrar General is directed to bring this matter to the notice of the Hon’ble Chief Justice for appropriate action to determine the culpability, if any, of any member or members of the registry of this Court in not carrying out the orders aforesaid. 10.The facts stated above disclose how persons without scruples are abusing the system of administration of justice in this country. They forget that the courts are there for honest litigation. They think and they try to use the courts to advance their oblique ends and in the process the courts, the very system, is getting a bad name. Look at the facts of this case. The showcause notice was issued in December 1983. It was questioned immediately 758 by the appellant by way of a writ petition which was dismissed in September 1984. The appellant carried the matter to this Court, which was dismissed in May 1985. Meanwhile, he had applied for inspection of certain documents, which was rejected in December 1985. He filed a writ petition against the said refusal and withdrew it without seeking and obtaining the leave of the High Court to approach it again. Trying to misinterpret the orders of the High Court, he sought to file an appeal before the Tribunal which was not maintainable in law. When that was pointed out, he withdrew it unconditionally. Then he filed another writ petition against the very same order of December 1985 which was the subject-matter of SCA No. 317 of 1986 in the Gujarat High Court and an appeal before the CEGAT, both of which were withdrawn unconditionally. This latest writ petition could not be disposed of early because the records were said to be missing; the records had to be reconstructed. The writ petition was dismissed with strong condemnation of the appellant’s conduct. In spite of the same, the appellant comes to this Court and evidently without disclosing all the facts, obtained an interim order in December 1989. Though this Court intended to dispose of the matter within a couple of months, the special leave petition did not see the light of the day for a period of about five years with the result that a period of eleven years, the show-cause notice could not be proceeded with. The appellant has been doing this because he thinks that even if he is liable to pay any duty pursuant to the showcause notice, he would not be liable to pay interest thereon since the Act does not provide for granting of interest. According to the show-cause notice, the duty payable is over rupees ten crores. In our opinion, the very filing of the writ petition, SCA No. 2885 of 1986, is a gross abuse of the process of the court and so is the present special leave petition/civil appeal. It is necessary in the interests of justice that such tactics should not be allowed to pass muster and should, in no event, be allowed to benefit the persons indulging in them. Stringent terms have to be imposed so that not only the appellant but others minded like him should know that they should not play with the courts and that if they do so, they should not complain if they are mauled in the process. This is the price of abusing the process of court. The court which is seized of the matter has the undoubted power to make such orders as it thinks just and necessary to meet the ends of justice. It should be remembered that it is the respondent who has invoked the jurisdiction of the High Court and this Court. 11. Shri Ashok Desai, learned counsel for the appellant submitted that his request for inspection of the documents is a justified one and that all that the appellant wanted to know was the names of the officers who visited the appellant’s factory, the dates and time of their visit so as to enable it to defend itself effectively. We are, however, not prepared to entertain the said submission inasmuch as the Gujarat High Court had rejected this very submission in the earlier writ petition, SCA No. 317 of 1986, with the observation that all these questions can be agitated by the appellant as and when he files an appeal before the Tribunal against the orders of the 759 Collector, in case the Collector decides against him. The said order has become final and cannot be reopened in a subsequent writ petition. 12.The appellant has filed written submission wherein it is stated that a similar request for inspection of documents is pending consideration in the case of another assessee in SLP (C) No. 22023 of 1993 (Birla Jute Industries v. Union of India). The appellant has also sought to make out a justification for his request for inspection. However, for the reasons stated above, the said submission could not have been raised in the writ petition from which this appeal arises for the reason stated in the preceding para. The appellant has also sought to blame the Central Excise Authorities for not moving fast for vacating the orders passed by the court or for early disposal. We are surprised at this logic. While we agree that the Revenue Authorities have been lax in not moving for early disposal of the matter, in this Court at any rate, that does not explain, condone or justify the conduct of the appellant. So far as plea of fairness in action is concerned, it is well to remember that fairness is not a one way street. The authorities are undoubtedly bound to act fairly but so is the assessee more particularly, when he seeks to invoke the discretionary jurisdiction of the High Court or of this Court. No person has a licence to act unfairly and yet call upon others to act fairly. 13. For the above reasons, the civil appeal is dismissed with costs. The costs payable by the appellant to the respondents are assessed at Rs 15,000. It is further directed that in case any duty is found payable pursuant to the show-cause notice mentioned above, the same shall be payable by the appellant with interest @ 18% p.a. calculated from the date of showcause notice up to the date of payment. It is also directed that the appropriate Central Excise Authorities shall dispose of the matter expeditiously and that no court or tribunal shall interdict the said proceedings until final orders are passed thereon. 760